At a glance: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases that can cause diarrhoea, bleeding, pain, weight loss and fatigue.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mainly refers to Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These are long-term inflammatory conditions that can affect the gastrointestinal tract and may alternate between periods of active symptoms and remission.
Possible symptoms
- Persistent diarrhoea
- Blood or mucus in bowel motions
- Abdominal pain
- Urgency or frequent bowel motions
- Weight loss, fatigue or anaemia
Diagnosis
Assessment may include blood tests, stool tests, imaging and colonoscopy with biopsies. The combination of tests depends on symptoms and the suspected location of inflammation.
Treatment
Treatment is individualised and may include anti-inflammatory medicines, immune-modifying treatment, biologic or targeted therapy, nutritional support and, in selected cases, surgery.
Book or refer
Persistent diarrhoea, rectal bleeding or unexplained weight loss should be assessed. Your GP can refer you through our online referral page.
Frequently asked questions
Is IBD the same as IBS?
No. IBD causes inflammation and can damage the bowel. IBS affects bowel function without visible inflammation.
How is IBD monitored?
Monitoring may include symptoms, blood tests, stool calprotectin, imaging, colonoscopy and medicine-level testing.
Can IBD be controlled?
Most patients can achieve good control with an individual treatment plan, although ongoing monitoring is usually required.
When to seek urgent medical help
Seek urgent medical care for heavy bleeding, vomiting blood, black tar-like bowel motions, fainting, severe or rapidly worsening abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, or significant weakness.
Arrange an assessment
Discuss persistent or concerning symptoms with your GP. Your GP can refer you, or you can use our online referral and booking page.